A rupture disc is designed to burst at a specified temperature and pressure, thereby relieving system pressure.
Its core principle relies on the use of a sensitive diaphragm-constructed from either metallic or non-metallic materials-which undergoes precise fracture or deformation when the system pressure reaches a preset threshold. This action rapidly releases the pressure, with an actuation time measurable in milliseconds.
A rupture disc assembly consists of two primary components: the rupture disc itself and a holder. The rupture disc is the pressure-relieving element designed to burst at a calibrated pressure and temperature, while the holder is an auxiliary component installed at an appropriate location on a vessel to secure and clamp the rupture disc in place.
Rupture disc safety devices offer numerous advantages, including simple construction, high sensitivity, precision, leak-free operation, and robust pressure-relieving capacity.
As a single-use, non-reclosing safety device, a rupture disc requires replacement after actuation to restore the system's pressure integrity. These devices are capable of operating reliably in challenging environments-including those involving viscous fluids, extreme temperatures (both high and low), and corrosive substances-and are also suitable for use with high-pressure vessels.
Rupture discs serve as critical safety devices for preventing overpressure-induced failure in pressure equipment; consequently, they are widely utilized across various industrial sectors, including chemical processing, petroleum, light industry, metallurgy, nuclear power, dust collection systems, fire safety, and aerospace. Rupture discs may be employed independently or combined in series or parallel configurations with safety valves, thereby integrating the respective advantages of each device to accommodate more complex operating conditions.
The most recent national standard governing these devices is GB/T 567.1-2012, titled *Rupture Disc Safety Devices-Part 1: Basic Requirements*. However, in accordance with Announcement No. 7 of 2017, this standard has been reclassified as a recommended standard and is no longer subject to mandatory enforcement.
